A modality, for example, is repeating a theme in the minor mode which had been stated in the major mode. Rationality is represented by a real answer to the subject of a fugue and by twelve-tone technique, in which the intervals of the row are always precisely the same. Modalities abound even in twelve-tone music, however, in so many instances where minor seconds are echoed in major seconds and minor thirds in major thirds.
The distinction between modal and rational manipulations of an idea applies to rhythm and other aspects, as well.
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